Skip to content

    Wild Windows · Northern Royal Albatross

    Northern Royal Albatross

    Diomedea sanfordi

    ← All species
    ENEndangeredAlso known as: Toroa

    One of the world's great seabirds, with a wingspan of up to 3.3 meters — second only to the wandering albatross. Nests almost exclusively on the Chatham Islands east of New Zealand, with a single small mainland colony at Taiaroa Head on the Otago Peninsula.

    Natural History

    Habitat

    Open Southern Ocean for foraging; breeds on remote sub-Antarctic islands and at Taiaroa Head, the only mainland breeding site for any great albatross.

    Diet

    Squid, fish, and occasionally crustaceans, taken from the surface during long ocean glides.

    Lifespan

    40+ years in the wild; some banded individuals have lived past 60.

    Behavior

    Forms lifelong pair bonds. Breeds only every two years; raises a single chick across a full year. Spends most of its life at sea, often circumnavigating the Southern Ocean.

    Classroom Facts

    • A royal albatross can soar for thousands of kilometers without flapping its wings.
    • They drink seawater and excrete salt through specialized glands above their eyes.
    • Each albatross has a unique vocal signature its mate can identify in a noisy colony.